Diabetic Retinopathy Specialists in Sarasota and Bradenton
Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent most vision loss
Diabetes can affect the small blood vessels in the back of the eye, sometimes leading to swelling, bleeding, or sudden changes in vision. Our retina specialists provide careful evaluations, advanced imaging, and effective treatments to help you protect and maintain your sight.
If you have diabetes, regular retinal exams are one of the most important steps you can take to prevent long-term vision loss.
At a Glance: Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy is damage to the small blood vessels of the retina caused by diabetes. Over time the vessels leak, close off, or grow abnormally, and vision can be lost if the changes are not found and treated.
- Who gets it: Anyone with diabetes, type 1 or type 2. Risk rises the longer you have had diabetes and the higher your blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol have run.
- Two main stages: Non-proliferative (early, leaking vessels) and proliferative (advanced, fragile new vessels that bleed). Swelling of the central retina, called diabetic macular edema, can happen at either stage.
- What it does: Usually nothing you can feel at first. Later, blurry or fluctuating vision, dark floaters, blank spots, or sudden vision loss.
- What to do now: New floaters, a shadow or curtain in your vision, or a sudden drop in vision in one eye should be evaluated the same day. Call (941) 351-1200.
- Otherwise: Every adult with diabetes needs a dilated retinal exam at least once a year, even with perfect vision. Most vision loss from diabetes is preventable when changes are found early.
Shane Retina treats diabetic retinopathy at two Sarasota offices and in Venice.
Medically reviewed by Thomas Shane, M.D., Retina Specialist – Last updated September 4, 2026
Diabetic Retinopathy and Eye Disease
One in ten Americans has diabetes. This condition is characterized by elevated blood sugar levels, which damages blood vessels and reduces blood flow throughout the body. One of the most devastating consequences of diabetes is the way it can rob people of their vision. In fact, diabetes is the leading cause of vision loss between the ages of 20 and 64. Fortunately, there are treatments available today that can reverse vision loss from diabetes. The trick to preventing blindness is to get people educated, evaluated, and treated before it’s too late.
How Does Diabetes Affect the Eye?
Underlying all bodily harm from diabetes is the fact that elevated blood sugar causes blood vessel damage. Fine blood vessels in critical organs such as the eyeball are particularly vulnerable. Over time, these vessels become leaky, bleed, and unable to transmit blood and oxygen to the tissues they serve.
Diabetic Macular Edema
In the retina, tiny vessels are critical to supporting the robust metabolism that is required to create vision. As the walls of these vessels become less water-tight (think of an old, leaky hose), fluid can escape and accumulate within in the layers of the retina. This leads to swelling and distortion of the retinal layers in the center of the vision, a condition called diabetic macular edema (DME). Diabetic macular edema is the leading cause of vision loss in diabetics.
When weakened vessels leak fluid into the center of the retina, the result is diabetic macular edema, the most common cause of vision loss in diabetes.
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
As years of poor blood sugar control take their toll, the retinal blood vessels lose the ability to provide adequate oxygen to the eye. In this ‘oxygen-starved’ state, the eye begins releasing chemical signals to stimulate new blood vessel growth. The most important of these signals is called vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).
In response to elevated VEGF, the retina begins to grow new blood vessels, also known as neovascularization. The presence of neovascularization marks the most advanced stage of diabetic eye disease, called proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Unfortunately, these new vessels grow in an uncoordinated fashion, pulling and disrupting the retina’s delicate structure. The vessels also bleed spontaneously, causing rapid onset of dark floaters and loss of vision. Eventually, the new blood vessels pull and detach the retina, leading to severe and permanent vision loss.
What Are the Symptoms of Diabetes in the Eye?
The most common initial symptom of diabetic retinopathy is painless blurry vision in one or both eyes. Be careful to test one eye at a time because sometimes the stronger eye will cover for the weaker one. Occasionally, a diabetic may experience the sudden onset of floaters, which represents bleeding in the jelly that fills the eye. Rarely, elevated pressure and pain may occur in advanced cases.
Left: normal vision. Right: the dark patches and blurred areas diabetic retinopathy can cause. Test one eye at a time; the stronger eye can hide the weaker one.
Diabetic changes in the eye can be asymptomatic for a long time. Asymptomatic does not mean all is well, however. Too many patients wait until after they get symptoms to see an eye doctor. By that time, some of their vision may be permanently lost regardless of treatment.
Checking Your Vision at Home
Between visits, a simple Amsler grid can help you catch swelling in the center of your vision early. Hold the grid 12 to 15 inches from your face in good light, cover one eye, and look at the center dot. Then repeat with the other eye. If any lines look wavy or missing, or a new blank spot appears, call us the same day. Download our printable Amsler grid here. If you have diabetic macular edema, your doctor may ask you to check each eye once a day. It takes less than a minute.
Your vision can also fluctuate when your blood sugar swings; blur that comes and goes with your sugar is common, but mention it at your next visit. Blur that does not clear, or any blur that comes with floaters or a blank spot, is a reason to call now.
The Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy
Retina specialists grade diabetic retinopathy by how much damage the blood vessels show. Your stage tells us how closely you need to be watched and whether treatment is needed now.
The findings that define the stages: aneurysms and small hemorrhages in early disease, cotton wool spots as vessels close off, and abnormal new blood vessels in proliferative retinopathy.
Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR)
This is the early form of the disease.
- Mild: A few tiny bulges in the vessel walls, called microaneurysms. No symptoms. Found only on a dilated exam.
- Moderate: More vessels are damaged and some begin to close off.
- Severe: Many vessels are blocked and parts of the retina are starved of blood. The retina responds by sending out chemical signals, including VEGF, to grow new vessels. This stage often progresses to proliferative disease within a year, so it is watched closely and sometimes treated before new vessels appear.
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR)
The advanced form. Fragile new vessels grow on the surface of the retina and into the vitreous gel. They bleed easily, causing sudden floaters or blocked vision, and they form scar tissue that can pull the retina loose, a tractional retinal detachment. If new vessels grow on the iris, they can block the drainage of the eye and raise the pressure, a painful condition called neovascular glaucoma. Proliferative disease is treated promptly with laser, injections, or surgery.
Diabetic Macular Edema Can Happen at Any Stage
Diabetic macular edema (DME) can develop at any stage of retinopathy, including the mild ones. Over time, about 1 in 15 people with diabetes will develop DME. It is treatable, and the earlier it is found, the better the result. Read more on our macular edema page.
I have diabetes. Should I see an ophthalmologist?
The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends that adult diabetics should receive a dilated examination by an eye doctor every year. These examinations will be looking for signs of blood vessel damage, growth of new blood vessels, or swelling of the retina that threatens vision. Many of these changes can be asymptomatic initially but lead to bigger problems if they are not identified early.
Two situations call for an exam sooner than your annual visit. If you have just been diagnosed with diabetes, schedule a baseline retinal exam now so that any future changes can be measured against it. If you have diabetes and become pregnant, have a dilated exam as soon as possible; pregnancy can worsen retinopathy, and your retina specialist may recommend additional exams before delivery. Learn what a dilated retinal exam at Shane Retina involves.
What Happens During My Eye Examination?
On the day of your eye examination, you will be greeted by our staff at the front desk and given a one-page medical history form to complete. Afterward, a technician will escort you to a private room where your vision is checked, eye pressure measured, and pupils dilated. The next step is to obtain an image of the retina called an OCT, which allows the doctor to see microscopic details of your central retina.
The doctor will examine your eyes with specialized lights and equipment, review your pictures, and share their assessment with you. This is a good time to ask any questions you may have about diabetes and your eye health. If treatment is required, the doctor will discuss the risks, benefits, and alternatives before proceeding with our vision-saving therapies. The entire visit is usually complete within 1 hour.
Before Your Visit
A few things make the visit easier. Bring a list of your medications and your most recent A1C if you have it, and let us know who manages your diabetes. Blood sugar swings can blur your vision and temporarily change your glasses prescription, so if you are also planning to update your glasses, try to keep your sugar steady for the week before that exam. Do not put off a retinal exam because your sugar has been running high; we can still see and measure the retina. Your pupils will stay dilated for four to six hours afterward, so bring sunglasses and, if you can, someone to drive you home. If your doctor needs a closer look at the blood vessels, we may also take retinal photographs or perform fluorescein angiography, a dye test that maps leaking or blocked vessels.
What Sorts of Treatments are There for Diabetic Retinopathy?
Ophthalmologists now have a multitude of treatments to prevent vision loss from diabetes. Each treatment has unique benefits and risks that must be considered when deciding how to proceed with therapy. But rest assured, with regular follow-up and treatment, you stand a good chance of keeping the vision you need to drive, read, and work.
The most powerful treatment for diabetic retinopathy is the most obvious: good blood sugar control. The better you control you blood sugar, the less risk you will have for vision loss. Controlling other cardiovascular risk factors helps as well, including blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking, exercise, and weight.
Once diabetic retinopathy progresses to retinal swelling (diabetic macular edema) or new blood vessel growth (proliferative diabetic retinopathy), further treatments become necessary. One treatment option is retinal laser, which is a 10 minute procedure performed in the clinic. Retinal lasers have the advantage of long-lasting reduction in vision loss from diabetes. However, they have the disadvantage of intentionally damaging the peripheral retina in an attempt to protect central vision.
Laser for Diabetes
The video below explains how retinal laser is used in diabetic eye disease.
Vitrectomy Surgery for Advanced Diabetic Retinopathy
In advanced cases of diabetic retinopathy, it may become necessary to perform surgery on the retina. Sometimes, the eye is full of blood, which must be removed using a procedure called ‘vitrectomy,’ or removal of the vitreous jelly that fills the eye. It is common during these procedures for laser to be applied to the peripheral retina to prevent further bleeding after the surgery. Sometimes, diabetic retinal detachments are repaired using additional maneuvers inside the eye.
Eye Injections
Another treatment option for diabetic retinopathy is injection of medication in the eye. The most common medication used in diabetes is called anti-VEGF, which goes by the brand names Avastin, Lucentis, Eylea, or Vabysmo. These medications suppress retinal swelling and blood vessel growth without causing permanent damage to any eye structures. The downside of eye injections is that they have to be repeated to maintain their effect, sometimes as often as every month or two. In some cases, steroids are injected into the eye, which also suppress retinal swelling, are longer lasting, but may cause cataracts or glaucoma as a side effect.
Diabetes is a difficult disease that has many life-changing side effects, including vision loss and diabetic eye disease. Diabetic retinopathy treatment, a service provided by Shane Retina to patients in Sarasota and Manatee county, can improve and prevent vision loss due to diabetic eye disease.
Will I Go Blind from Diabetic Retinopathy?
Most people with diabetic retinopathy do not go blind, provided they are examined regularly and treated when treatment is needed. Diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of irreversible blindness in working-age Americans, yet most of that vision loss is preventable. Treatment can stop the damage, and regular follow-up catches new changes while they are still treatable.
Vision lost to swelling often returns once the swelling is treated. Vision lost to long-standing damage or scarring may not. That is why waiting costs vision: the earlier a change is found, the more there is to save.
Protecting Your Sight When You Have Diabetes
As noted above, the most powerful treatment happens outside our office. In practice, that means:
- Know your A1C. This blood test shows your average blood sugar over the past three months. Work with the doctor who manages your diabetes to set a goal and reach it. Meeting your A1C goal helps prevent retinopathy and slows it when present.
- Control blood pressure and cholesterol. Both add to the damage in retinal blood vessels. Treating them protects your eyes as well as your heart.
- Do not smoke. Smoking damages blood vessels throughout the body and adds to the strain diabetes puts on the eye.
- Keep your annual dilated exam, even when your vision feels perfect. Early retinopathy usually has no symptoms.
- Update your glasses when your sugar is stable. Blood sugar swings change your prescription temporarily; glasses fitted during a stable stretch work best.
- Report changes right away. New floaters, a blank spot, a sudden drop in vision, or a blur that does not clear should not wait for your next scheduled visit.
For Family Members and Caregivers
If someone you love has diabetes, eye care is part of caring for them. Watch for the quiet signs: holding the phone or a book closer, needing a brighter lamp, missing words on a page, new complaints about floaters, or giving up night driving. Any of these is a reason to schedule a retinal exam.
The practical help matters most. Make sure the annual eye exam is on the calendar alongside the A1C and foot checks. Plan a ride home from dilated visits and injection appointments. Keep a current list of medications and eye drops. Family members are welcome at appointments, and our doctors are glad to explain the findings to both of you.
When to Call a Retina Specialist:
Most diabetic eye changes develop slowly and silently. A sudden change is different. It can mean bleeding, swelling, or pulling on the retina, and these problems respond best when treatment starts quickly.
Call us right away if you notice:
- A sudden shower of new floaters, dark spots, or cobweb-like streaks, or new flashes of light
- A sudden drop in vision or a blocked area in one eye, even if the other eye seems fine
- A dark curtain, shadow, or veil moving across your vision
- New blur or distortion in the center of your vision that does not clear, or straight lines that look wavy
- Eye pain with redness or a feeling of pressure, especially if you have advanced retinopathy
- Any new vision change during pregnancy if you have diabetes
If you experience any of these symptoms, do not wait for your next scheduled appointment. Call our office at (941) 351-1200. We reserve time each day for urgent retinal evaluations, and our team will work to get you seen as quickly as possible.
“Diabetic changes in the eye can be asymptomatic for a long time. Asymptomatic does not mean all is well, however. Too many patients wait until after they get symptoms to see an eye doctor. By that time, some of their vision may be permanently lost regardless of treatment.”
Retina Specialist and founder of Shane Retina
Diabetic Retinopathy FAQs
What is diabetic retinopathy?
Diabetic retinopathy is a diabetes-related eye disease that damages the small blood vessels in the retina, leading to swelling, bleeding, and potential vision loss. It develops when high blood sugar weakens the retinal vessels over time, causing them to leak fluid or grow abnormal new vessels that can threaten central vision.
In its early stages, diabetic retinopathy may cause no symptoms at all. As the condition progresses, patients may notice blurry vision, dark floaters, or areas of missing vision. Advanced stages can lead to diabetic macular edema (swelling in the center of the retina) or proliferative diabetic retinopathy, where fragile new vessels bleed inside the eye.
The good news is that most vision loss from diabetic retinopathy is preventable with early detection and timely treatment. At Shane Retina in Sarasota and Venice, our retina specialists use advanced imaging and targeted therapies such as anti-VEGF injections, laser treatment, and surgery when necessary to help protect and preserve your sight.
Regular dilated eye exams are essential to detect changes before vision is permanently affected.
What are the first signs of diabetic retinopathy?
The earliest stages of diabetic retinopathy often cause no noticeable symptoms. In fact, many patients have retinal damage long before they experience vision changes, which is why annual dilated eye exams are so important for anyone with diabetes.
When symptoms do appear, the first signs may include:
- Mild blurry vision
Subtle distortion of central vision - Increased floaters (small dark spots or strands)
- Difficulty reading fine print
- Trouble seeing clearly at night
In more advanced stages, patients may notice sudden floaters from bleeding inside the eye or areas of missing vision caused by retinal swelling, known as diabetic macular edema.
Because symptoms may not appear early, detection typically requires a dilated retinal examination. At Shane Retina in Sarasota and Venice, we use advanced imaging such as OCT to identify microscopic swelling or blood vessel damage before permanent vision loss occurs.
If you have diabetes, even if your vision seems normal, scheduling routine retinal exams is one of the most important steps you can take to protect your sight.
How is diabetic retinopathy treated?
Diabetic retinopathy is treated based on its severity and whether there is retinal swelling or abnormal blood vessel growth. Early stages may only require close monitoring and improved blood sugar control, while more advanced cases often require eye injections, laser treatment, or surgery.
The most common treatment for vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy is anti-VEGF eye injections. These medications reduce retinal swelling and stop abnormal blood vessel growth, helping stabilize and sometimes improve vision. In certain cases, steroid injections may also be used.
Laser treatment is sometimes performed to seal leaking blood vessels or reduce oxygen demand in the retina. In advanced cases with significant bleeding or retinal detachment, a surgical procedure called vitrectomy may be necessary to remove blood and repair the retina.
Good systemic control of diabetes supports long-term stability alongside eye treatments. With early diagnosis and modern therapies, most patients can preserve the vision they need for daily life.
How fast does diabetic retinopathy progress?
Diabetic retinopathy typically develops slowly over years, but the rate of progression depends heavily on blood sugar control and overall health. Patients with well-managed diabetes may experience very gradual changes, while those with poorly controlled blood sugar can progress more quickly to vision-threatening stages.
In early diabetic retinopathy, small blood vessel changes may remain stable for long periods. However, if swelling develops in the macula or abnormal blood vessels begin to grow, vision can worsen more rapidly. In advanced cases, sudden bleeding inside the eye may cause an abrupt change in vision.
Blood sugar control is the most important factor influencing progression, and patients with stable diabetes management tend to experience slower changes. With regular eye exams and timely treatment, most patients can slow or stabilize the disease before severe vision loss occurs.
Is diabetic retinopathy preventable?
Diabetic retinopathy is not always completely preventable, but its progression can often be significantly delayed or reduced with proper diabetes management and regular eye care. Good control of blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol dramatically lowers the risk of vision-threatening complications.
The longer blood sugar remains elevated, the more damage occurs to the small blood vessels in the retina. Patients who maintain stable glucose levels and follow their primary care physician’s recommendations are far less likely to develop advanced diabetic eye disease.
Routine retinal monitoring allows early treatment before vision is affected. Because early diabetic retinopathy may cause no symptoms, changes are often detected only during examination. With modern therapies and careful monitoring, most severe vision loss from diabetic retinopathy can be prevented.
If you have diabetes, combining strong systemic control with regular retinal examinations offers the best protection for your long-term vision.
Can diabetic retinopathy be reversed?
Diabetic retinopathy cannot usually be fully reversed, but early stages may improve with strict blood sugar control and timely treatment.
When diabetic retinopathy progresses to retinal swelling or abnormal blood vessel growth, treatments such as anti-VEGF eye injections, laser therapy, or surgery are used to prevent further damage and preserve vision. Vision may improve if swelling is treated promptly, though recovery depends on how long damage has been present. The longer retinal damage goes untreated, the less likely vision is to recover completely.
Consistent monitoring and timely treatment are essential to protecting vision. With modern treatments and careful monitoring, most patients are able to maintain the vision they need for reading, driving, and daily life.
How often should diabetics have an eye exam?
The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends that most adults with diabetes have a comprehensive dilated eye examination at least once per year. Some patients with more advanced diabetic eye disease may need exams every few months.
Even if your vision seems normal, retinal damage may develop before changes in vision are noticeable. Early changes in the retina are often only visible through dilation and specialized imaging. Waiting until vision becomes blurry can allow permanent damage to occur.
If diabetic retinopathy or diabetic macular edema is detected, your retina specialist may recommend more frequent follow-up visits to monitor swelling, bleeding, or abnormal blood vessel growth. Earlier treatment leads to better visual outcomes.
Regular annual exams remain one of the most important steps you can take to protect your sight if you have diabetes.
Can you still drive with diabetic retinopathy?
Many people with diabetic retinopathy can continue driving, especially in the early stages of the disease. Driving ability depends on how much central vision is affected and whether swelling or bleeding is present in the retina.
In mild or moderate diabetic retinopathy, vision may remain good enough to meet legal driving requirements. However, if diabetic macular edema or advanced retinopathy causes significant central blur, blind spots, or reduced contrast sensitivity, driving may become unsafe.
Because vision changes can occur gradually, some patients do not realize how much their sight has declined. A comprehensive eye examination can determine whether your visual acuity and visual field meet safe driving standards.
If treatment is started promptly, some patients regain enough clarity to meet driving standards. Your retina specialist will guide you honestly about safety and help you protect both your vision and your independence.
Diabetic eye care is a long relationship. Many of our patients with diabetes see us every few months for years, and some have been with us through years of injections, or through retinal surgery. They often describe our doctors as thorough and clear about what is happening in their eyes and why, and several describe the difference that care has made to their vision.
The reviews below are a small sample of what patients with diabetes and their families have said about their care at Shane Retina.
Diabetic retinopathy is evaluated and treated at Shane Retina by our team of fellowship-trained retina specialists, who work to protect your vision through every stage of the disease.
Thomas Shane, M.D.
Anita Shane, M.D.
Konica Singla, M.D.
Maria Castaños, M.D.
Gabriel Dib, FNP-C
Ayah Etyem, PA-C
Where to Get Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment in Sarasota and Venice
You can receive expert diabetic retinopathy evaluation and treatment at any of our Shane Retina locations throughout Sarasota and Venice, Florida. Each office provides comprehensive care for diabetic eye disease, including advanced diagnostic imaging and proven treatment options focused on preventing vision loss in a calm and efficient clinical setting.
Sarasota - University Parkway Office
Located just west of I-75 on University Parkway in University Health Park.
Our University Parkway location serves patients from Sarasota, Lakewood Ranch, Bradenton, and nearby communities. This office provides comprehensive evaluation and treatment for diabetic retinopathy and other forms of diabetic eye disease.
Sarasota - South Tamiami Trail Office
Located on South Tamiami Trail just south of Bee Ridge Road.
Our South Tamiami Trail location serves patients throughout Sarasota, Siesta Key, and surrounding neighborhoods. This office offers full evaluation and treatment for diabetic retinopathy, including care for diabetic macular edema and diabetic vision loss.
Venice Retina Office
Located in central Venice near Venetia Bay Boulevard.
Our Venice Retina location serves patients in Venice, North Port, Englewood, and nearby communities. This office provides comprehensive evaluation and treatment for diabetic retinopathy for patients in Venice and surrounding communities.
Schedule Your Diabetic Retinopathy Evaluation Today
Shane Retina specializes in diabetic retinopathy treatments and diabetic retinopathy surgery in Sarasota and Manatee County. If you have diabetes, consider having a dilated eye examination with an ophthalmologist. This exam may involve photographs or other specialized imaging tests of the retina. There are effective treatments for most forms of diabetic retinopathy, so don’t delay your appointment until you are experiencing changes in your vision.
Read more about the New Treatments for Vision Loss in Diabetes here.
For more information regarding diabetic retinopathy treatments, including diabetic retinopathy surgery in Sarasota and Manatee County, please contact us and visit the American Society of Retina Specialists patient information page on diabetic retinopathy.
Call us at (941) 351-1200 or schedule online at any of our Sarasota or Venice offices.